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Pesachim 105b

פסחים ק״ה ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 105b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 105b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

With one cup of wine: why קידוש is done right away but הבדלה can wait, and the eight lessons drawn from the הבדלה ברייתא

Overview

This amud opens at the end of a ברייתא: a person with only one cup of wine uses it for קידוש at night, because קידוש היום comes before כבוד יום. רבינא asks why he doesn't wait until the next day and use the one cup for two מצוות at once. רב נחמן בר יצחק answers חביבה מצוה בשעתה: a מצוה is most precious when done at its proper time. רבינא challenges this from a ברייתא about הבדלה. There, a person with one cup saves it until after the meal. רב נחמן בר יצחק humbly says he is only passing on the accepted ruling. He then explains that bringing שבת in and taking it out are different. We bring שבת in early to show love for it, and take it out late so it won't seem like a burden. The גמרא then says the הבדלה ברייתא teaches eight lessons, and lists six of them here. הבדלה in the תפלה still needs a cup, ברכת המזון needs a cup, and the cup needs a minimum amount. The one who blesses must drink, drinking makes the cup פגום, and eating first does not cancel הבדלה. The list continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

קִידּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם,

[He uses it for] the sanctification of the day,

מִפְּנֵי שֶׁקִּידּוּשׁ הַיּוֹם קוֹדֵם

because the sanctification of the day comes first

לִכְבוֹד יוֹם (וּכְבוֹד לַיְלָה).

before the honor of the day (and the honor of the night).

וְאִם אִיתָא —

And if it is so —

The steps (13)

  1. StatementWith one cup, קידוש at night comes first
  2. ChallengeWhy not wait and use the cup for two things?
  3. ResolutionA מצוה is most precious at its proper time
  4. ChallengeBut with הבדלה we do wait!
  5. ResolutionHe introduces his answer modestly
  6. ResolutionBringing שבת in versus taking it out
  7. StatementThis ברייתא teaches eight lessons
  8. Conclusionהבדלה in prayer still needs a cup
  9. ConclusionLesson two: Grace after Meals needs a cup
  10. ConclusionLesson three: The cup of blessing needs a minimum amount
  11. ConclusionLesson four: The one who blesses must taste
  12. ConclusionLesson five: Tasting the cup spoils it for another blessing
  13. ConclusionLesson six: Even after eating, one still makes הבדלה