Pesachim 30a

פסחים ל׳ ע״א

Learn Pesachim 30a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 30a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

חמץ mixtures after פסח, the מחלוקת of רב and שמואל about חמץ pots, and bread from an oven greased with meat fat

Overview

רבא rules that during פסח, even a tiny amount of חמץ forbids a mixture, like רב. After פסח, a mixture is permitted, like רבי שמעון. The גמרא answers a contradiction: רבי שמעון's קנס applies only to pure חמץ, not to a mixture. It then shows that רבא learned this from רב נחמן. רב rules that earthenware pots previously used for חמץ cannot be kashered for פסח and must be broken at פסח, as a גזירה, in case someone later cooks the same kind of food in them. שמואל disagrees: the pots are kept until after פסח and may then be used for any food. He held back from teaching this publicly only out of respect for רב in רב's town. Finally, רבא בר אהילאי forbids bread from an oven greased with meat fat forever. A ברייתא is brought to challenge him, and the challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (13)

1. Statementרבא's final ruling on חמץ mixtures
2. Challengeרבא seems to contradict himself about רבי שמעון
3. ResolutionThe penalty applies only to unmixed חמץ
4. Proofרבא is consistent: רב נחמן's instruction after פסח
5. Statementרב: earthenware pots used for חמץ must be broken at פסח
6. ChallengeWhy not keep the pots for other foods after פסח?
7. ResolutionA decree in case one cooks the same kind
8. Statementשמואל says the pots do not need to be broken
9. Proofשמואל is consistent: his warning to the pot merchants
10. ChallengeWhy didn't שמואל just teach it?
11. ResolutionIt was רב's town
12. StatementThe oven greased with meat fat
13. ChallengeA ברייתא is brought to challenge the ruling about the greased oven