Pesachim 59b

פסחים נ״ט ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 59b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 59b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Burning אימורים after the afternoon תמיד on ערב פסח, and a קרבן פסח offered שלא לשמו.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a דרשה: the מצורע's עולה counts even if it was offered before his חטאת. The גמרא then challenges רב פפא's ruling that on ערב פסח, after the afternoon תמיד, a מחוסר כפורים may bring his offerings and leave the אימורים overnight on the מזבח. רב פפא answers the first challenge with the principle כהנים זריזין הן. A second challenge argues that without burning the אימורים the כהנים cannot eat, and without their eating the owner has no כפרה. The answer is that blocked אימורים are treated like ones that became טמא or were lost, and a ברייתא proves this. Next come two contradictions between פסוקים about fats staying overnight. רב כהנא resolves his own by saying the night is for leftover fats. For רב ספרא's question, רב quotes an answer limiting the פסוק to a year when the fourteenth of ניסן falls on שבת. Finally a new משנה teaches that a קרבן פסח offered שלא לשמו, even with mixed intent, is פסול. רב פפא asks whether that mixed intent was in one עבודה or two, and the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. ProofThe verse shows the leper's burnt-offering works even if already offered first
2. ChallengeLeaving the fats overnight on the altar could trick the priests
3. ResolutionPriests are careful and will not make that mistake
4. ChallengePriests may not eat the meat until the fats are burned
5. ChallengeThe owner is not atoned until the priests eat
6. ResolutionUnburnable אימורים are treated like lost or impure ones
7. Proofברייתא: the כהנים get the breast and thigh in any case
8. Challengeרב כהנא's contradiction: fats overnight versus completing everything before the afternoon תמיד
9. ResolutionAnswer: the first פסוק speaks of leftover fats
10. Challengeרב ספרא's contradiction: פסח fats overnight versus no weekday offering on יום טוב
11. ResolutionThe verse speaks about the fourteenth of ניסן falling on שבת
12. ChallengeShould the whole verse be limited to such a rare case?
13. ResolutionThe verse forces itself into this case
14. StatementA קרבן פסח offered with the wrong intent is invalid
15. StatementWhat 'mixed intent' means
16. Questionרב פפא asks: one rite or two rites?
17. QuestionIf it is one rite, the משנה follows רבי יוסי
18. ProofWhy it cannot be רבי מאיר: only the first words count