Pesachim 83a

פסחים פ״ג ע״א

Learn Pesachim 83a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

רבי יוסי הגלילי and burning a disqualified קרבן; the משנה on burning the bones, sinews, and נותר of the פסח; whether bones that held נותר (שימוש נותר) take on its status

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the discussion of a קרבן פסח whose owners became טמא or died. רבה adds רבי יוסי הגלילי to the תנאים who burn such a קרבן right away, because he learns that a חטאת whose blood went inside is burned immediately. The גמרא explains that רבי יוחנן left him out: a problem in the blood is a problem in the קרבן itself, while the owners are a separate matter. A new משנה then teaches that the bones, sinews, and נותר of the פסח are burned on the 16th of ניסן, and on the 17th if the 16th is שבת. On this משנה, רבי יצחק rules that bones that held נותר (שימוש נותר) make the hands טמא. The גמרא tries to prove his rule from the משנה but rejects the proof: the bones may simply not be broken, following רבי יעקב, who says the ban covers a פסח that was once valid. A ברייתא saying only פסח bones are burned seems to disprove רבי יצחק. רב נחמן בר יצחק answers that it speaks of bones found already emptied, and רב זביד begins a different answer that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. Statementרבה adds רבי יוסי הגלילי and cites his ברייתא
2. QuestionThe חכמים ask for the source for a regular חטאת whose blood went inside
3. Responseרבי יוסי הגלילי learns it from the פסוק 'Behold, its blood was not brought inside'
4. ResolutionWhy רבי יוחנן did not include רבי יוסי הגלילי
5. Statementמשנה: bones, sinews, and leftover meat are burned on the sixteenth
6. StatementIf the sixteenth is on שבת, burn on the seventeenth
7. StatementBones that held leftover meat make hands impure
8. ProofSuggesting support from the משנה about burning bones
9. QuestionWhich kind of bones is the משנה talking about?
10. ResponseIt must be bones with marrow inside
11. ProofWhy burn the bones unless holding leftover matters?
12. RejectionRejected: the bones are burned because they may not be broken
13. ChallengeCan the bone-breaking ban really apply to a disqualified פסח?
14. ResolutionAnswer: a פסח that was once valid is different from one that never was
15. QuestionWhich תנא makes this distinction?
16. ResponseIt is רבי יעקב, as a ברייתא shows
17. ChallengeA ברייתא: only פסח bones need burning
18. QuestionWhat kind of bones is the ברייתא talking about?
19. ChallengeIf holding נותר matters, other קדשים bones should need burning too
20. Resolutionרב נחמן בר יצחק: the ברייתא is about bones found with the marrow already removed
21. ResolutionWhy פסח bones held leftover marrow and need burning
22. Resolutionרב זביד begins a different answer