Pesachim 92a

פסחים צ״ב ע״א

Learn Pesachim 92a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Who may eat קדשים and the קרבן פסח on the night of עֶרֶב פסח: the end of the משנה about an אונן and one who gathers bones, the dispute of בית שמאי and בית הלל about a גר who converted on עֶרֶב פסח, and the גמרא's first explanations.

Overview

This amud finishes the משנה from the previous daf. A bone-gatherer may immerse and eat קדשים at night, and בית שמאי and בית הלל argue about a גר who converted on ערב פסח. The גמרא explains why an אונן may eat the פסח but not other קדשים at night. Mourning at night is only rabbinic, and the רבנן did not uphold their rule where the כרת of the פסח is at stake. It then rereads the bone-gatherer case: other people gathered the bones for him, so he is not טמא מת. Next, רבי יוחנן limits the convert dispute to a ערל גוי. He explains that בית הלל made a גזירה so the convert will not wrongly immerse and eat the same day after real טומאת מת next year, and a ברייתא confirms this. רבא then lists three rabbinic rules that stand even though a person will miss the פסח: the convert, sprinkling, and the מילה knife. He also lists three rules that give way: the אונן, the מצורע, and the בית הפרס. The גמרא gives a source for each case, including רבי יוחנן's teaching that the ban on a טבול יום entering מחנה לויה is only rabbinic. The source for בית הפרס continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. StatementThe bone-gatherer may eat sacrificial food at night
2. StatementA convert on Passover eve: dispute of the two schools
3. QuestionWhy may a mourner eat the פסח but not other offerings?
4. ResponseNight mourning is rabbinic and gives way before כרת
5. ChallengeHow can a bone-gatherer be pure the same night?
6. ResolutionRead it as: others gathered the bones for him
7. StatementThe argument is only about a non-Jew who converts
8. StatementWhy בית הלל make a rule: fear of a mistake next year
9. Statementבית שמאי make no decree, and everyone agrees about an uncircumcised Jew
10. ProofA ברייתא confirms the argument is only about a convert
11. Statementרבא lists when rabbinic rules stand against כרת
12. ProofThe convert case is the one already discussed
13. ProofSprinkling does not override שבת
14. ProofThe circumcision knife may not be carried
15. ProofThe source for the mourner case is our משנה
16. ProofThe source for the leper case: a ברייתא
17. StatementThe Sages allow him in because the מצוה with כרת wins
18. Statementרבי יוחנן: the ban on a טבול יום is only rabbinic
19. ProofSource for the בית הפרס case begins