Gemara Clarity

Shabbos 106a

שבת ק״ו ע״א

Shabbat 106a

Learn Shabbos 106a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 106a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Worry when a family or group member dies; whether destructive acts (מקלקל), especially חובל and מבעיר, are exempt on שבת; the measure of a double סיט; and the start of the משנה on trapping.

Overview

This amud opens by finishing a short אגדה: when one brother or one member of a group dies, everyone else should worry and examine their deeds. There are two versions of whether this applies more when the oldest dies or when the youngest dies. The גמרא then turns to the משנה's rule that anyone who does a מלאכה destructively (מקלקל) on שבת is exempt. רבי אבהו cites a ברייתא that makes wounding (חובל) and kindling (מבעיר) exceptions. רבי יוחנן rejects that ברייתא, or else limits it to cases where the act is useful, such as needing the blood for a dog or needing the ashes. The גמרא explains that the משנה follows רבי יהודה and the ברייתא follows רבי שמעון. רבי שמעון learns his view from the verse that permits מילה on שבת and from the ban on burning a בת כהן on שבת. רבי יהודה answers that both of those acts are constructive, as רב אשי explains. The גמרא then shows two ways to measure the double סיט for whitening. Finally, a new משנה about trapping a bird or a deer begins, and it continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

יִדְאֲגוּ כׇּל הָאַחִין כּוּלָּן.

all of the brothers should be worried.

אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי חֲבוּרָה שֶׁמֵּת —

One member of a group who dies —

תִּדְאַג כָּל הַחֲבוּרָה כּוּלָּהּ.

the entire group should be worried.

אָמְרִי לַהּ דְּמֵת גָּדוֹל,

Some say it refers to when the oldest dies,

The steps (16)

  1. StatementWhen one dies, the whole family or group should worry
  2. StatementDispute over whether the oldest or the youngest is meant
  3. StatementQuoting the משנה: destructive acts are exempt
  4. Statementרבי אבהו's ברייתא: wounding and kindling are exceptions
  5. Rejectionרבי יוחנן rejects the ברייתא
  6. ResolutionIf the ברייתא is accepted, it is about useful wounding and kindling
  7. ChallengeHow can the ברייתא contradict our משנה?
  8. ResolutionThe משנה and the ברייתא follow different תנאים
  9. QuestionWhat is רבי שמעון's reason?
  10. ResponseSource for wounding: the verse permitting מילה on שבת
  11. ResponseSource for kindling: the burning of a בת כהן
  12. ChallengeHow does רבי יהודה answer these proofs?
  13. ResolutionThose cases are constructive acts
  14. Proofרב אשי: circumcision fixes, and melting the wick is like cooking dyes
  15. StatementHow to show the measure of a double סיט
  16. StatementNew משנה: trapping a bird or a deer