Shabbos 114b

שבת קי״ד ע״ב

Shabbat 114b

Learn Shabbos 114b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The שופר signal when יום הכיפורים is next to שבת, and whether trimming vegetables is allowed when יום הכיפורים falls on שבת

Overview

רבי זירא reports that in בבל they thought a ברייתא was agreed by everyone. The ברייתא says that when יום הכיפורים is next to שבת, no שופר is blown and no הבדלה is made. In ארץ ישראל, יהודה בריה דרבי שמעון בן פזי argued that it fits only רבי עקיבא. רבי זירא answered with כהנים זריזין הן, and the גמרא defended that answer: the מקדש blasts were for the rest of the people in ירושלים. The גמרא then asks why they do not blow when יום הכיפורים begins on מוצאי שבת, to tell people that trimming vegetables is permitted from מנחה. רב שישא says only a near שבות was permitted. That answer fails, because no שופר is blown even when יום טוב on מוצאי שבת makes שחיטה permitted right away. So the גמרא settles on רב יוסף: a שבות is not set aside just to announce a permission. Finally, רב הונא forbids and רבי יוחנן permits trimming vegetables when יום הכיפורים falls on שבת, each reading the word שבתון differently. A ברייתא supporting רבי יוחנן begins and continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. StatementIn Babylonia they said the ברייתא is agreed by everyone
2. RejectionIn ארץ ישראל: the ברייתא follows only רבי עקיבא
3. Resolutionרבי זירא answers: the כהנים are quick and alert
4. ChallengeChallenge: the Temple blew blasts every Friday anyway
5. ResolutionAnswer: those blasts were for the rest of Jerusalem's people
6. ChallengeChallenge: blow anyway to announce vegetable trimming
7. Resolutionרב יוסף: a שבות is not set aside just to permit something
8. Resolutionרב שישא: a near שבות was permitted, a distant one was not
9. ChallengeChallenge: no shofar even when slaughtering becomes permitted immediately
10. ConclusionConclusion: the correct answer is רב יוסף's
11. Statementרב הונא: trimming vegetables is forbidden when יום הכיפורים falls on שבת
12. ProofA ברייתא supports the prohibition from the word שבתון
13. QuestionWhat does the extra rest refer to?
14. ConclusionSo שבתון must refer to trimming vegetables
15. Statementרבי יוחנן: trimming vegetables is permitted
16. ChallengeChallenge to רבי יוחנן from the ברייתא
17. Resolutionשבתון adds a positive commandment against real מלאכה
18. ProofA ברייתא begins in support of רבי יוחנן