Shabbos 141a

שבת קמ״א ע״א

Shabbat 141a

Learn Shabbos 141a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Moving מוקצה indirectly (straw on a bed, the clothes press משנה) and a series of practical שבת precautions about mud, water and leveling holes

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the גמרא's discussion of moving animal food on שבת: a 'bad mouth' animal that eats anything is a donkey, and its leftovers may be given to a picky cow. A new משנה then rules that straw on a bed is moved only with the body, unless it is animal food or has a pillow or sheet on it. The same משנה says a homeowner's clothes press may be loosened but not tightened, and a launderer's press may not be touched, though רבי יהודה allows fully loosening one that was already partly loosened before שבת. The גמרא quotes רב נחמן, who forbids pulling a radish out of the ground when that moves the dirt. The school of רב uses the straw משנה to disprove him, concluding that טלטול מן הצד לא שמיה טלטול: moving something indirectly does not count as moving. Then comes a series of practical rulings about peppers crushed with a knife handle, drying off after bathing, wiping mud off the foot, sitting at the entrance of a מבוי, setting down a barrel, and stuffing a rag into a jug. The amud ends with rules for removing mud from clothing and shoes: rub a garment only from the inside, and scrape only a new shoe, not an old one.

Opening lines

The steps (27)

1. ResolutionThe animal in the earlier case slobbers
2. ResolutionIn the other ruling, 'bad mouth' means a donkey and 'good mouth' means a cow
3. StatementStraw on a bed: move it with your body, unless it is clearly meant for use
4. StatementA clothes press: a homeowner's may be loosened, a launderer's may not be touched
5. Statementרבי יהודה: a launderer's press already loosened may be fully opened
6. Statementרב נחמן on pulling a radish out of the ground
7. ChallengeThe school of רב challenges רב נחמן from the straw משנה
8. ConclusionIndirect moving is not considered moving
9. Statementרב יהודה on crushing peppers with a knife handle
10. Statementרבא permits crushing many peppers because of the change
11. StatementDry off before leaving the water
12. ChallengeWalking into the water also pushes water four cubits
13. ResolutionNo decree on water moved only by force in a כרמלית
14. StatementWiping mud off the foot: ground yes, wall no
15. ChallengeA mud wall is not real building
16. Statementרבא reverses the rule: wall yes, ground no
17. Statementמר בריה דרבינא forbids both the wall and the ground
18. Statementרב פפא permits both the wall and the ground
19. QuestionHow does one clean his foot according to מר בריה דרבינא?
20. ResponseHe wipes his foot on a beam
21. StatementDo not sit at the entrance of an alleyway marked by a side post
22. StatementDo not set a barrel on a dirt floor
23. Statementרבא: Do not stuff a rag into the mouth of a jug
24. Statementרב כהנא: Rubbing mud off a garment from the inside only
25. ChallengeChallenge from a ברייתא that seems to forbid rubbing entirely
26. ResolutionThe ברייתא only forbids rubbing from the outside
27. StatementScraping a new shoe is permitted, but not an old shoe