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Shabbos 45a

שבת מ״ה ע״א

Shabbat 45a

Learn Shabbos 45a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 45a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Does רב follow רבי יהודה on מוקצה, and which kinds of מוקצה does even רבי שמעון accept?

Overview

The גמרא brings a support that רב follows רבי יהודה, who holds there is a prohibition of מוקצה. The support is רב's ruling that a lamp may be placed on a palm tree for שבת but not for יום טוב. It then challenges this from a case where רב allowed moving a נר חנוכה on שבת. It answers that he relied on רבי שמעון only in an emergency (שעת הדחק). Next, ריש לקיש asks רבי יוחנן whether רבי שמעון agrees to מוקצה when a person actively set something aside, like sown wheat or eggs under a hen. רבי יוחנן answers that for רבי שמעון the only מוקצה is something like lamp oil while it burns. A ברייתא about סוכה decorations, shown to follow רבי שמעון, leads the גמרא to clarify that setting something aside for a מצוה is itself enough to make it forbidden. Then שמואל says רבי שמעון's מוקצה applies only to figs and grapes set out to dry. A ברייתא about all drying fruits challenges him, and the גמרא answers that this ברייתא follows רבי יהודה. The amud ends as רבי שמעון בר רבי begins to ask his father רבי a question, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הָכִי נָמֵי מִיסְתַּבְּרָא

So too, it is reasonable

דְּרַב כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה סְבִירָא לֵיהּ,

that Rav holds like Rabbi Yehuda,

דְּאָמַר רַב:

for Rav said:

מַנִּיחִין נֵר עַל גַּבֵּי דֶּקֶל בְּשַׁבָּת,

One may place a lamp on top of a palm tree for Shabbat,

The steps (16)

  1. ProofProof from the palm-tree lamp that רב follows רבי יהודה
  2. ChallengeChallenge: רב allowed moving a חנוכה lamp on שבת
  3. ResolutionAnswer: An emergency is different
  4. ProofProof that רב relied on רבי שמעון only in an emergency
  5. Questionריש לקיש asks about items a person actively set aside
  6. Responseרבי יוחנן: The only מוקצה for רבי שמעון is burning oil
  7. ChallengeChallenge from סוכה decorations
  8. QuestionHow do we know the סוכה-decorations ברייתא follows רבי שמעון?
  9. ProofEven רבי שמעון forbids the wood of the festival סוכה
  10. ResolutionCorrecting רבי יוחנן's rule: a מצוה setting-aside is enough
  11. ProofAnother report of רבי יוחנן confirms the corrected wording
  12. Statementשמואל: for רבי שמעון, מוקצה applies only to dried figs and raisins
  13. ChallengeA ברייתא forbids all fruits set out to dry
  14. ChallengeThe fruit ברייתא must follow רבי שמעון
  15. ResolutionThe ברייתא follows רבי יהודה; its new point is the case of someone in the middle of eating
  16. Questionרבי שמעון son of רבי asks his father a question