Shabbos 75b

שבת ע״ה ע״ב

Shabbat 75b

Learn Shabbos 75b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

שבת 75b: finishing the 39 מלאכות (צובע, מעבד, ממחק, מכה בפטיש, כותב/מוחק, the count of 39), and the new משנה on items fit to store for הוצאה

Overview

This amud finishes רב's ruling that a שוחט is liable for צובע as well as נטילת נשמה, because the butcher wants the bloody neck to attract customers. The גמרא then goes through the משנה's list of מלאכות. It replaces the double-counted מולח/מעבד with שרטוט, and it debates whether salting meat counts as tanning. It gives everyday examples of ממחק, מחתך and מכה בפטיש, and a general rule that any finishing act is מכה בפטיש. A ברייתא shows that erasing one big letter can be stricter than writing one. The words 'אלו' and 'forty less one' are explained as rejecting רבי אליעזר and רבי יהודה. A new משנה then teaches that liability for carrying depends on whether an item is worth storing. The גמרא asks what 'fit to store' excludes, debating דם נדה and עצי אשרה. It notes that this standard does not follow רבי שמעון, and it then quotes the next clause, which is discussed on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. ChallengeIs the slaughterer only liable for dyeing?
2. ResolutionLiable for dyeing as well
3. Statementרב explains why the dyeing is wanted
4. ChallengeAren't salting and tanning the same thing?
5. ResolutionReplace one of them with drafting lines
6. StatementSalting meat counts as tanning
7. Statementרבא: no tanning applies to food
8. Statementרב אשי limits רבה בר רב הונא to travel food
9. StatementSmoothing the hide between pillars
10. StatementThree rulings of רבי יהושע בן לוי
11. StatementEngraving a vessel and blowing glass
12. StatementRemoving stray threads from a cloak
13. StatementWriting versus erasing one large letter
14. ConclusionHere erasing is stricter than writing
15. StatementAny finishing act counts as striking with a hammer
16. StatementThe word 'these' rejects רבי אליעזר
17. Statement'Less one' rejects רבי יהודה's additions
18. RejectionThe Sages fold the two additions into existing labors
19. StatementNew משנה: liability depends on whether the item is worth storing
20. QuestionWhat does 'fit to store' exclude?
21. ResponseTwo answers: menstrual blood or idolatrous wood
22. StatementExplaining how far each view goes
23. ChallengeWhat about the cat-food use?
24. ResolutionFeeding it to a cat weakens the woman, so no one stores it
25. StatementThe משנה's fixed measures do not follow רבי שמעון
26. StatementQuoting the next phrase of the משנה: anything not fit to store