Temurah 12a

תמורה י״ב ע״א

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Topic

Unborn calves with different holiness, and the משנה's rule that a status that came through something else passes on only 'by calculation'

Overview

The amud opens by finishing two questions אביי asked רב יוסף about a pregnant animal whose mother and unborn calf have different holiness. If the mother is שלמים and the calf is חולין, slaughtering her in the עזרה is not חולין בעזרה, because that פסוק only covers animals that could have been slaughtered outside. If the mother is חולין and the calf is שלמים, slaughtering her outside is not שחוטי חוץ, because that prohibition only covers animals fit to be brought to the אהל מועד, and an unborn calf is not. Then a new משנה lists cases where a status that came through something else cannot pass on in full. These are a mixture of תרומה, leavened dough, drawn water in a מקוה, מי חטאת, a בית הפרס, a second תרומה, and a תמורה. רבי יהודה and the חכמים argue whether the offspring of a holy animal can make a תמורה. The גמרא then asks whose view each rule follows. רבי יוחנן says the mixture and dough rules do not follow רבי אליעזר, and proves it from משניות where the חכמים count only the real share of the forbidden item. For the drawn-water rule he names רבי אליעזר בן יעקב, and the גמרא begins quoting his case of a מקוה with 21 סאה of rainwater. That case continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. ResponseAn unborn non-sacred calf inside a sacred mother is not counted as חולין בעזרה
2. QuestionThe reverse case: a non-sacred mother carrying a sacred calf, slaughtered outside
3. ResponseNo שחוטי חוץ, because the unborn calf cannot be brought to the משכן
4. ResponseAnother version: liability only for an animal fit for the entrance of the אהל מועד
5. StatementMixtures, leavening, and drawn water work only by calculation
6. StatementWater of purification, a plowed grave field, and a second תרומה
7. StatementA substitute and an offspring cannot make a new substitute
8. Statementרבי יהודה says the offspring can make a substitute
9. RejectionThe חכמים answer that only a holy animal itself makes a substitute
10. QuestionWho is the author of the first rule in the משנה?
11. Responseרבי יוחנן: not רבי אליעזר
12. Proofרבי אליעזר treats a סאה from a mixture like pure תרומה
13. ProofThe חכמים count only the real share of תרומה
14. StatementLeavened dough also does not follow רבי אליעזר
15. ProofTwo leavens fall into dough: רבי אליעזר follows the last one
16. ProofThe חכמים: forbidden leaven counts only if it alone could leaven
17. QuestionDrawn water and the מקוה: who taught this rule?
18. Responseרבי יוחנן: it is רבי אליעזר בן יעקב
19. Proofרבי אליעזר בן יעקב's case: a מקוה with 21 סאה of rainwater