Temurah 22b

תמורה כ״ב ע״ב

Learn Temurah 22b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Temurah 22b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

When a lost חטאת (or its money) is left to die: what counts as 'lost,' רב פפא's questions, and the new משנה's dispute between רבי and חכמים.

Overview

The amud begins with רבא's rule that a חטאת lost only at night does not count as 'lost.' The גמרא first fits this to רבי, and then offers a second reading that fits it to רבנן, about an animal still missing at the time of atonement. אביי adds a tradition: only a lost חטאת is left to die, not a stolen or robbed one. The גמרא then defines 'lost': an animal mixed into the flock counts, but if the owner or the shepherd can identify it, it is not lost. Two of these questions end with תיקו. רב פפא asks about an animal found while the replacement's blood is already in the cup. The גמרא explains his question in two ways, and it ends with תיקו. A new משנה lists cases of a lost חטאת or lost money that was replaced. It brings the dispute between רבי and חכמים over whether the extra animal dies even before the owner got כפרה. The גמרא then notices that the רישא of the משנה fits רבנן while the סיפא fits רבי. It begins to answer using רב הונא in the name of רב, and that answer continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (37)

1. Statementרבא: An animal lost at night is not called lost
2. QuestionWhose opinion does רבא follow?
3. ChallengeIt can't be the רבנן, since for them even day-loss leads to grazing
4. Responseרבא follows רבי: even he agrees about night-loss
5. Resolutionרבא follows the רבנן, about an animal missing at the time of atonement
6. Statementאביי: Only lost, not stolen or robbed
7. QuestionWhat counts as a lost animal?
8. Responseרבי אושעיא: even one mixed into the flock
9. Responseרבי יוחנן: even behind the door
10. QuestionWhat did רבי יוחנן mean by 'behind the door'? Unresolved
11. Statementרב פפא: if the shepherd knows it, it is not lost
12. QuestionWhat if only someone far away recognizes it? Unresolved
13. Questionרב פפא asks about an animal found when the blood is in the cup
14. QuestionWhose opinion is רב פפא's question based on?
15. ChallengeIt cannot follow רבי
16. ResolutionThe question follows the Rabbis: is blood in the cup as good as sprinkled?
17. QuestionOr maybe it is still like lost at designation and grazes
18. ResolutionA second version: the question follows רבי, with two cups of blood
19. StatementThe question only works for the view that the second cup is leftover blood
20. QuestionDoes the two-cup rule apply when one cup is missing?
21. ConclusionThe question is left unresolved
22. StatementA lost חטאת found after a replacement was set aside
23. StatementLost money for a חטאת found after an animal replaced it
24. StatementLost money found before the replacement money was used
25. StatementLost money is found, but the replacement animal has a blemish
26. StatementLost animal is found with a blemish after money was set aside instead
27. StatementBoth the lost animal and its replacement have blemishes
28. StatementBoth animals are unblemished: רבי says one is brought and the other dies
29. Statementחכמים: a חטאת dies only if found after the owner got his כפרה
30. StatementA blemished חטאת is sold and replaced
31. StatementIf the replacement was already brought, the first animal dies
32. QuestionReading the רישא closely: who holds this view?
33. ResponseThe רישא follows the רבנן
34. ChallengeReading the סיפא closely: the lost money case
35. ConclusionThe סיפא follows רבי
36. ChallengeCan one משנה follow two different views?
37. ResolutionIt works out according to רב הונא