Yevamos 86a

יבמות פ״ו ע״א

Yevamot 86a

Learn Yevamos 86a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Who may receive מעשר ראשון, the comparison of מעשר to תרומה, and why the משנה says an engaged בת לוי or בת כהן 'may not eat' מעשר.

Overview

This amud opens with a ברייתא. רבי מאיר says מעשר ראשון goes to a לוי, and רבי אלעזר בן עזריה says it may also be given to a כהן. The גמרא learns רבי מאיר's view from a פסוק that calls מעשר 'תרומה', so like תרומה it is forbidden to a זר. The death penalty and the extra fifth stay limited to תרומה. The רבנן use the same comparison to teach that missing מעשר ראשון makes produce טבל. That comparison adds a death penalty beyond the plain לאו learned from רבי יוסי's ברייתא. The גמרא then asks why the משנה says an engaged בת לוי or בת כהן may not eat מעשר, since she is not a זר. רב ששת answers that she cannot authorize separating תרומת מעשר, and a ברייתא shows that a married woman can. מר בריה דרבנא answers instead that she gets no share of מעשר at the threshing floor, because of a general גזירה. The amud ends as a new ברייתא begins, with רבי עקיבא's view and the start of רבי אלעזר בן עזריה's reply, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. StatementTwo views on who gets מעשר ראשון
2. ChallengeWhy would anyone forbid it to a כהן
3. ResolutionRead it as: one may give it even to a כהן
4. QuestionWhat is רבי מאיר's reason
5. ResponseThe פסוק calls מעשר 'תרומה'
6. ChallengeShould מעשר also carry death and the extra fifth
7. ResolutionThe פסוקים limit death and the fifth to תרומה
8. ResponseThe רבנן learn טבל from the comparison
9. Proofרבי יוסי: produce stays טבל until every gift is taken
10. Proofרבי יוסי links two verses through the word 'your gates'
11. ResolutionWhy the comparison to תרומה is still needed: it adds the death penalty
12. ChallengeAnother version: we already know this from רבי יוסי
13. ResolutionThe answer in the other version: the death penalty
14. ChallengeThe end of the משנה doesn't fit רבי מאיר
15. Resolutionרב ששת: 'she may not eat' means she may not give permission to separate
16. QuestionDoes this mean a married woman can authorize separation?
17. ResponseYes, a ברייתא teaches it from a פסוק
18. ChallengeMaybe the פסוק is only about eating?
19. ResolutionEating is already known by a קל וחומר
20. ResolutionAnother answer: she is not given מעשר at the threshing floor
21. ChallengeThis fits only one reason for the threshing-floor rule
22. ResolutionIt is a blanket גזירה because of a divorced בת ישראל
23. ChallengeWhy only a betrothed woman?
24. ResolutionThe second part copies the wording of the first
25. Statementרבי עקיבא: מעשר ראשון goes only to a לוי