Yevamos 87a

יבמות פ״ז ע״א

Yevamot 87a

Learn Yevamos 87a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

When a כהן's daughter may eat תרומה and מעשר after her marriages, and the limits on her return to her father's house: חזה ושוק, a widow awaiting יבום, and a pregnant woman.

Overview

The משנה follows a כהן's daughter through marriages to a ישראל, a לוי and a כהן. It rules at each stage whether she may eat תרומה or מעשר, depending on her husband or a living son from him. When all the children who block her are gone, she returns to her father's house and eats תרומה again. The גמרא finds the source for going back to eating because of a son in the extra word ״וּבַת״. Even the רבנן agree, because the whole word is extra. A ברייתא limits her return: she eats תרומה again but not חזה ושוק. Five אמוראים each give a different פסוק source for this, and רבא defends one of them against a challenge about vows. A second ברייתא says a woman who eats because of her son goes back even to חזה ושוק, and רב אשי explains why she gets more than the כהן's own daughter. Finally, the גמרא excludes a widow awaiting יבום and a pregnant woman, and shows why ״כִּנְעוּרֶיהָ״ and ״וְזֶרַע אֵין לָהּ״ are both needed. That explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. StatementA כהן's daughter through three marriages
2. StatementAs each son dies, she falls back a level
3. QuestionWhere do we learn she goes back to eating because of her son?
4. Responseרב learns it from the extra word ״וּבַת״
5. QuestionDoes this only work for רבי עקיבא?
6. ResolutionEven the רבנן agree: the whole word is extra
7. StatementShe returns to eating תרומה but not to חזה ושוק
8. ProofFirst source: the words ״בתרומת הקדשים״
9. StatementSecond source: ״מלחם״ means only some bread
10. ChallengeMaybe ״מלחם״ excludes cancelling her vows
11. ResolutionVows are already taught by דבי רבי ישמעאל
12. QuestionWhy does the Torah need this פסוק?
13. ResponseWidowed on the way: once out of her father's authority, always out
14. StatementThird source: bread, not meat
15. StatementFourth source: bread her father owns
16. Statementרבא's source: daughters eat the breast and thigh only while they are 'with you'
17. StatementA ברייתא: she returns to תרומה but not to breast and thigh, while a woman eating because of her son returns even to them
18. Challengeרב אשי asks: how can the son's mother get more than the כהן's own daughter?
19. ResolutionAnswer: only the כהן's daughter has limiting words written about her
20. StatementBack to the משנה: a widow awaiting יבום and a pregnant woman do not count as 'returning'
21. ChallengeCan't we learn the pregnant woman rule by logic?
22. RejectionThe logic fails: יבום has a stricter rule
23. ConclusionSo the פסוק ״כִּנְעוּרֶיהָ״ is needed
24. StatementWhy both פסוקים are needed: part one
25. StatementWhy both פסוקים are needed: part two begins