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Yoma 33b

יומא ל״ג ע״ב

Learn Yoma 33b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The order of the morning עבודה in the היכל: why the inner מזבח comes before the מנורה, what רבא learns about תפילין from this, and the פסוק source for when the הטבת הנרות happens relative to דם התמיד.

Overview

This amud continues אביי's list of the order of the morning עבודה. First the גמרא finishes ריש לקיש's reason why the inner מזבח is cleaned before the מנורה: when the כהן enters the היכל, the מזבח is the first thing he reaches, and you may not pass over a מצוה. A ברייתא about where the vessels stood proves this, and רבא applies the same rule to put on the arm תפילין before the head תפילין. Next, אביי explains why five lamps are cleaned before דם התמיד and two lamps after it. He uses the extra words 'בבקר בבקר' from the logs of wood and counts how many times 'בבקר' applies to each service. When the count is a tie, 'מכפר עדיף' decides. רב פפא suggests a different placement, and אביי answers that the lamps must be split by a service in between. That answer works according to רבי יוחנן but not according to ריש לקיש. רבינא asks whether those words are really extra, and רב אשי shows they are, because 'עליה' already teaches the order of the wood piles. The גמרא then explains why the first round is five lamps, and lists the next links: two lamps before the קטורת, the קטורת before the אברים, and the אברים before the מנחה. The source for that last link continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

וְכִי עָיֵיל לְהֵיכָל —

And when he enters the Sanctuary —

בְּמִזְבֵּחַ פָּגַע בְּרֵישָׁא.

it is the altar that he encounters first.

דְּתַנְיָא: שֻׁלְחָן בַּצָּפוֹן

As it was taught: The table was in the north,

מָשׁוּךְ מִן הַכּוֹתֶל שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת וּמֶחֱצָה,

pulled away from the wall two and a half cubits,

The steps (24)

  1. ResponseWhen entering the Sanctuary, the altar is reached first
  2. ProofA ברייתא describing where the vessels stood in the Sanctuary
  3. QuestionWhy not line the altar up with the table and candelabrum?
  4. ResponseThe table and candelabrum must face each other
  5. Statementרבא: do not skip the arm תפילין to reach the head תפילין
  6. ConclusionThe practical order: arm first, then head
  7. StatementFive lamps before the תמיד's blood, and two lamps after
  8. QuestionWhat is the reason for this order?
  9. Responseאביי: the extra 'in the morning' words are moved here
  10. ResponseCounting the 'mornings': three versus two
  11. ResponseWhy the blood comes before the last two lamps
  12. Challengeרב פפא suggests a different way to use the extra words
  13. Resolutionאביי: Then what would separate the lamps?
  14. StatementAccording to ריש לקיש, רב פפא's order works fine
  15. ResolutionAccording to רבי יוחנן, a real split is needed
  16. ChallengeIs the doubled 'in the morning' about the wood really extra?
  17. ResolutionThe word 'on it' already shows the second pile came first
  18. QuestionWhy clean five lamps first and not two?
  19. ResponseOnce you start, do most of the lamps
  20. ChallengeThen why not clean six?
  21. ResolutionThe second round needs at least two lamps
  22. StatementThe two lamps come before the incense
  23. StatementThe incense comes before the limbs
  24. StatementThe limbs come before the meal-offering