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Yoma 46b

יומא מ״ו ע״ב

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Topic

Burning leftover limbs of Friday's תמיד on שבת or in טומאה: why רב הונא and רב חסדא rule differently, and a new מחלוקת about putting out the fire of the מחתה and מנורה

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a מחלוקת about the leftover limbs of Friday's daily offering (תמיד). If they were not burned before שבת, or before the community became טמא, may they still be burned? רב הונא says they push aside טומאה but not שבת, because the end of a קרבן follows its beginning (סופו כתחילתו). רב חסדא rejects that rule. For him, שבת is fully permitted (הותרה) for a communal offering, so the limbs may be burned on שבת. טומאה is only pushed aside (דחויה), so only the main atonement stages may be done in טומאה, and the final burning may not. Next comes a new מחלוקת: is someone who puts out coals taken from the מזבח for the מחתה or the מנורה liable? אביי says חייב and רבא says פטור, and the גמרא gives two versions of exactly where they argue. In both versions, a ruling of רב נחמן is answered with one distinction: a coal taken off for no מצוה purpose is still altar fire, while the dispute is about a coal taken off for its מצוה. The amud ends with the הדרן closing פרק טרף בקלפי.

Opening lines

טוּמְאָה, דִּתְחִילָּתוֹ בַּר מִידְחֵא טוּמְאָה הוּא —

Impurity: since its beginning is able to override impurity —

סוֹפוֹ נָמֵי דָּחֵי.

its end also overrides.

שַׁבָּת, דִּתְחִילָּתוֹ לָאו בַּר מִידְחֵא שַׁבָּת הוּא —

Shabbat: since its beginning is not able to override Shabbat —

סוֹפוֹ נָמֵי לָא דָּחֵי.

its end also does not override.

The steps (14)

  1. ResolutionExplaining the first view: the end of the offering follows its beginning
  2. Resolutionרב חסדא rejects the 'end follows beginning' rule: שבת is fully permitted
  3. ResolutionWhy רב חסדא does not let the end override טומאה
  4. StatementNew dispute: putting out the fire of the coal pan or the מנורה
  5. StatementWhere they agree and where they argue
  6. StatementThe reasons of אביי and רבא
  7. Challengeרב נחמן's ruling seems to follow only אביי
  8. ResolutionRemoved for its מצוה versus removed for no reason
  9. StatementOpening a second version of the dispute
  10. StatementIn the second version, putting out the coal on the ground is exempt for everyone
  11. Statementאביי says liable, רבא says exempt, for a coal put out on top of the altar
  12. Challengeרב נחמן's ruling seems to match neither אביי nor רבא
  13. Resolutionרב נחמן's coal was not taken out for its מצוה
  14. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק טרף בקלפי