Gemara Clarity

Yoma 60b

יומא ס׳ ע״ב

Learn Yoma 60b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yoma 60b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The order of the יום הכיפורים service: the dispute of רבי יהודה and רבי נחמיה, the leftover blood (שירים), and רבי חנינא's ruling on scooping the incense

Overview

The ברייתא records a dispute about which parts of the כהן גדול's white-garment service on יום הכיפורים must stay in order. According to רבי יהודה, only the inside service must stay in order. According to רבי נחמיה, all the white-garment actions must stay in order. The גמרא first explains each view through the words 'once a year.' It then rejects that explanation for רבי יהודה and derives both views from two limiting words, 'זאת' and 'אחת.' For רבי נחמיה, one of those words teaches that the leftover blood (שירים) is not essential. For רבי יהודה, the שירים follow the other outside actions. A ברייתא then brings a dispute between רבי עקיבא and רבי יהודה about 'וכלה מכפר.' רבי יוחנן and רבי יהושע בן לוי argue over what practical difference that dispute makes. A view attributed to רבי יוחנן clashes with his own statement in זבחים, and the גמרא leaves it as a קשיא. Finally, רבי חנינא rules that incense scooped before the bull was slaughtered does not count. The גמרא asks whether this can fit רבי יהודה and raises a challenge from the משנה about spilled blood, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה סָבַר:

Rabbi Yehuda holds:

מָקוֹם שֶׁמִּתְכַּפְּרִין בּוֹ

a place in which atonement is achieved

פַּעַם אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה.

once a year.

וְרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה סָבַר:

And Rabbi Nechemya holds:

The steps (15)

  1. StatementTwo readings of 'once a year'
  2. ChallengeThe verse never says 'place'
  3. Resolutionרבי יהודה's real source: two limiting words
  4. ResponseHow רבי נחמיה uses the two words
  5. Responseרבי יהודה on the leftover blood
  6. Proofברייתא: רבי עקיבא's reading of 'and he finished atoning'
  7. Proofרבי יהודה's reading: every sprinkling is required
  8. QuestionWhat is the practical difference between them?
  9. ResponseTwo אמוראים give two answers
  10. Challengeרבי יוחנן seems to contradict himself
  11. ConclusionThe contradiction is left unresolved
  12. StatementIncense scooped before the bull was slaughtered is worthless
  13. QuestionThis cannot follow רבי יהודה
  14. RejectionOutside actions for the inside count as inside
  15. ChallengeThe משנה about spilled blood