Zevachim 11a

זבחים י״א ע״א

Learn Zevachim 11a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 11a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Why an אשם brought inside stays כשר, what the comparisons of מנחה and אשם to חטאת teach, and offerings slaughtered as a פסח.

Overview

The גמרא first tries to prove by logic that an אשם whose blood was brought inside the היכל stays כשר. It uses עולה and מנחת חוטא, and finally a הצד השוה of both, but each proof is knocked down, the last one by רבא מברניש. So the גמרא concludes that the רבנן learn it from the word 'דמה': only a חטאת becomes פסול this way. It then shows how רבי אליעזר and the רבנן each use that word. Next, it asks what the comparison of a מנחה to both a חטאת and an אשם teaches each side. For the רבנן it teaches about שלא לשמה, and for רבי אליעזר it teaches רבי שמעון's rule about the right hand and a כלי שרת. For the רבנן, the comparison of אשם to חטאת teaches סמיכה. Finally, רבי יוחנן and רבה discuss how far יוסף בן חוני agrees with רבי אליעזר, and a ברייתא brings the debate between רבי אליעזר and רבי יהושע about other offerings slaughtered as a פסח on the 14th. That debate continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (30)

1. ProofA קל וחומר from the burnt offering
2. RejectionThe burnt offering does not atone
3. ResolutionThe sinner's meal offering proves the point
4. QuestionWhy not use the bird sin offering?
5. ResponseThe bird sin offering is an open question
6. RejectionThe sinner's meal offering is not an animal offering
7. ResolutionCombining the burnt offering and the sinner's meal offering
8. RejectionThe guilt offering has a fixed value
9. ConclusionThe real reason of the Rabbis comes from the word 'its blood'
10. ResponseHow רבי אליעזר uses the word 'דמה'
11. ResponseThe רבנן learn both lessons from 'דמה' instead of 'דם'
12. ResponseWhy רבי אליעזר does not learn from 'דם' versus 'דמה'
13. ChallengeFor the רבנן, comparing a מנחה to both a חטאת and an אשם makes sense
14. Proofרבי שמעון's ברייתא: a sinner's מנחה is like a חטאת, a voluntary מנחה is like an אשם
15. ChallengeFor רבי אליעזר, what does the comparison teach?
16. ResolutionThe comparison teaches רבי שמעון's other lesson: a מנחה without a כלי שרת
17. Statementרב יהודה explains: by hand, use the right like a חטאת; with a כלי, the left is fine like an אשם
18. ChallengeCan רבי שמעון use one verse for two lessons?
19. ResolutionThe verse is for the hand rule, and the sinner's מנחה comes from "היא"
20. QuestionWhat do the רבנן learn from comparing אשם to חטאת?
21. ResponseThe comparison teaches that an אשם needs סמיכה
22. Statementרבי יוחנן links יוסף בן חוני with רבי אליעזר
23. Statementרבה says they disagree only about offerings slaughtered as a sin offering
24. ProofThe ברייתא shows רבי אליעזר disqualifies other offerings slaughtered as a פסח
25. Proofרבי יהושע argues with a קל וחומר that they should be fit
26. Rejectionרבי אליעזר flips the argument and shows it leads to a wrong result
27. RejectionThe rest of the year cannot be compared to the 14th
28. ChallengeYour view makes the שלמים stronger than the פסח
29. ProofA leftover פסח becomes a שלמים, but not the other way
30. ProofSo a שלמים slaughtered as a פסח on the 14th is surely פסול