Zevachim 29a

זבחים כ״ט ע״א

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Topic

The פסוק of פגול: which wrong intents disqualify a קרבן, which brings כרת, and proof that פגול comes from intent at the time of offering

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a ברייתא that reads the פסוק of פגול (ויקרא 7:18) word by word. It teaches that the wrong intent must not be mixed with other wrong intents. It also teaches that 'פגול' covers intent חוץ למקומו, that half-measures of the time intent and the place intent join together, and that only חוץ לזמנו brings כרת, learned from נותר. רב פפא then asks רבא what the second 'third day' פסוק in פרשת קדושים teaches. רבא answers that it limits 'outside its place' to a place that is outside for blood, meat and אימורין. רב מתנה explains why the first פסוק alone would have included every place. A new ברייתא follows: רבי אליעזר proves the פסוק is about intent at the time of offering, not actual eating on the third day. רבי עקיבא challenges him, and the ברייתא brings support from 'המקריב אותו' and from אחרים ('לא יחשב'). בן עזאי reads 'אותו' as excluding someone who is late with his vow. The גמרא then asks where בן עזאי learns that the פסוק is about the קרבן, and challenges his late-vow teaching from a ברייתא of אחרים about a בכור, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (23)

1. StatementNo mixing other wrong intents
2. StatementThe word 'פגול' means intent outside its place
3. StatementHalf-measures of time and place join together
4. StatementOnly one of the two intents brings כרת
5. QuestionWhich one brings כרת?
6. ResponseIt is intent beyond its time, learned from נותר
7. Questionרב פפא asks what רבא learns from the second 'third day' verse
8. Responseרבא: the outside place must be outside for blood, meat, and fats
9. ChallengeWhy not learn this from the first verse?
10. Resolutionרב מתנה: without the second verse, every place would be included
11. Statementרבי אליעזר: the verse speaks of intending to eat on the third day
12. QuestionMaybe the verse means actually eating on the third day?
13. RejectionA fit offering cannot become disqualified later
14. Challengeרבי עקיבא: Things can become disqualified looking backward
15. Resolutionרבי אליעזר: The word 'he who offers' points to the time of offering
16. QuestionMaybe 'he who offers' means the priest
17. ResponseThe word 'it' shows the פסוק is about the offering
18. Statementבן עזאי: 'It' excludes someone who is late with his vow
19. Statementאחרים: 'It shall not be credited' points to intention
20. QuestionHow does בן עזאי know the פסוק is about the offering?
21. ResponseTwo answers: from אחרים, or from the word 'ירצה'
22. ChallengeThe late-vow rule already comes from אחרים
23. ProofThe ברייתא of אחרים about a בכור whose year passed