Zevachim 29b

זבחים כ״ט ע״ב

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Topic

Late קרבנות, the uses of ״לֹא יֵחָשֵׁב״, and the משנה on mixing place-thoughts and time-thoughts in פיגול.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the defense of בן עזאי's פסוק, which teaches that a קרבן brought late still works. A ברייתא learns from a היקש to מעשר that a late בכור is not פסול, but a בכור does not bring הרצאה, so other קרבנות still need a source. ״וְהָיָה בְךָ חֵטְא״ cannot serve as that source, because it teaches that the sin of בל תאחר falls on the man and not on his wife. The גמרא then asks what רבי אליעזר learns from ״לֹא יֵחָשֵׁב״. The answer is רבי ינאי's teaching that mixed thoughts cancel פיגול. In רב מרי's version, the teaching is instead that a wrong thought brings מלקות, which follows רבי יהודה. A new משנה follows: a place-thought makes a קרבן פסול, while a time-thought makes it פיגול with כרת, but only if the מתיר was offered כמצותו. רבי יהודה says the thought that came first decides, and חכמים say mixed thoughts are always just פסול. The גמרא brings אילפא and רבי יוחנן arguing whether this dispute applies within one service, and begins to challenge רבי יוחנן from the structure of the משנה.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. QuestionThe ברייתא wonders if a late firstborn becomes disqualified
2. ChallengeFirstborn is linked to tithe, so lateness does not disqualify it
3. ResolutionA firstborn does not atone, so other offerings needed their own source
4. ChallengeAnother source already teaches that delay does not ruin the offering
5. Resolutionבן עזאי needs the פסוק to teach that the wife is not punished
6. QuestionWhat does רבי אליעזר learn from ״לֹא יֵחָשֵׁב״?
7. Responseרבי ינאי: one wrong thought can cancel another
8. Responseרב מרי's version: one who has a wrong thought gets מלקות
9. Challengeרב אשי asks: a thought has no action, so how can it bring lashes?
10. Resolutionרב מרי answers: this follows רבי יהודה
11. StatementThe משנה's general rule: place-thoughts make it invalid, time-thoughts make it פיגול
12. StatementExamples of the permitter offered properly
13. StatementExamples of the permitter not offered properly
14. StatementA פסח or חטאת with a not-for-its-sake thought mixed in
15. StatementThoughts of eating both outside its place and beyond its time
16. Statementרבי יהודה: the first thought decides; חכמים disagree
17. StatementEating and burning do not join together
18. Statementאילפא: the dispute is only across two services
19. Statementרבי יוחנן: the dispute applies even in one service
20. ChallengeThe first and last parts of the משנה should match, which fits אילפא but not רבי יוחנן