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Zevachim 36a

זבחים ל״ו ע״א

Learn Zevachim 36a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Which wrong intentions disqualify a קרבן, and the source and limits of רבי יהודה's view on intent to leave it over or take it out

Overview

The amud finishes the משנה's list of wrong intentions during שחיטה that leave a קרבן כשר. The משנה then gives the rule behind the list: only חוץ לזמנו, חוץ למקומו, and שלא לשמן (for a פסח or חטאת) disqualify. The גמרא asks for רבי יהודה's source for disqualifying intent to leave the קרבן over or take it out. רבי אלעזר points to the extra wording 'לא יניח' and defends it against a ברייתא that seems to use that פסוק up. The גמרא then suggests that רבי יהודה's reason is logic: intending is like doing. It explains why he still does not argue on the other cases, because in them the act itself would not ruin the קרבן. To explain why he ignores intent to put blood inside the היכל, the גמרא says he requires a 'threefold place'. Sources about רבי יהודה conflict on this point, and the גמרא settles it by saying two תנאים report his view differently. Finally it begins a new question about a חטאת slaughtered in the south, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

בִּפְנִים – בַּחוּץ;

[or to place the blood meant for] inside — outside;

וְאֶת הַנִּיתָּנִין בַּחוּץ – בִּפְנִים;

and the blood that is placed outside — inside;

שֶׁיֹּאכְלוּהוּ טְמֵאִים; שֶׁיַּקְרִיבוּהוּ טְמֵאִים;

that impure people will eat it; that impure people will offer it;

שֶׁיֹּאכְלוּהוּ עֲרֵלִים; וְשֶׁיַּקְרִיבוּהוּ עֲרֵלִים;

that uncircumcised people will eat it; and that uncircumcised people will offer it;

The steps (23)

  1. StatementMore wrong intentions that do not disqualify the offering
  2. StatementOnly certain intentions disqualify an offering
  3. QuestionWhat is רבי יהודה's reason?
  4. ResponseAn extra verse teaches about intending to leave it over
  5. ChallengeThat verse is needed for a different teaching
  6. ChallengeThe ברייתא continues: every word of the תודה פסוק is used up
  7. ResolutionThe special wording 'לא יניח' is still free to teach about intent
  8. ChallengeWhat is the source for intent to take the parts out?
  9. ChallengeAnother challenge: רבי יהודה's reason is logic, not a פסוק
  10. ProofThe ברייתא: intending is like doing
  11. ChallengeIf it's logic, he should disagree about everything
  12. ResolutionBreaking the bones or eating it half-roasted doesn't ruin the offering
  13. ResolutionImpure or uncircumcised people eating or offering it
  14. ResolutionAnother version: it's not up to him
  15. ResolutionMixing with unfit blood: blood doesn't cancel blood
  16. ResolutionWrong spot on the מזבח still counts
  17. ChallengeWhy not disagree about blood placed in the wrong area?
  18. ResolutionA disqualifying place must serve blood, meat, and sacrificial parts
  19. ChallengeA ברייתא where רבי יהודה disqualifies blood that went inside
  20. ChallengeA משנה that seems to show רבי יהודה does hold the threefold idea
  21. ChallengeIf actually bringing blood inside is treated leniently, just thinking about it should be even more lenient
  22. ResolutionTwo תנאים report רבי יהודה's view differently
  23. ChallengeOpening a new question about a חטאת slaughtered in the south