Zevachim 69b

זבחים ס״ט ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 69b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

A pinched or slaughtered bird that turns out to be a טריפה: the מחלוקת of רבי יהודה, רבי מאיר and רבי יוסי, the rule of דיו, and each side's source in the פסוקים.

Overview

This amud finishes a משנה about a bird offering killed by מליקה (pinching the neck) that then turns out to be a טריפה. Does it make the person who swallows it טמא, like any dead kosher bird? רבי יהודה says yes. רבי מאיר says no. He argues by קל וחומר from an animal that שחיטה protects a טריפה bird, and then says מליקה should work just like שחיטה. רבי יוסי limits him with the rule of דיו: what is learned from an animal cannot go beyond the animal, so only שחיטה helps. The גמרא asks how רבי מאיר could ignore דיו, which the Torah teaches through the story of מרים. It answers that רבי מאיר really learns his view from the פסוק "זאת תורת הבהמה והעוף": whatever makes an animal or bird fit to eat also protects a טריפה from טומאה. רבי יהודה learns his view from the extra word טרפה in ויקרא 17:15, which he reads as including a slaughtered טריפה. רב שיזבי challenges this reading by comparing the פסוק about fat, where the same word only leaves out non-kosher animals. The גמרא defends רבי יהודה with a ברייתא showing he leaves out a non-kosher bird using the word נבלה instead.

Opening lines

The steps (17)

1. Statementרבי יהודה: the pinched bird that turns out to be a טריפה makes the eater impure
2. Proofרבי מאיר's קל וחומר: slaughter protects a טריפה bird from impurity
3. Proofרבי מאיר stretches the rule from slaughter to pinching
4. Rejectionרבי יוסי: the proof only goes as far as the animal, so slaughter helps but pinching does not
5. ChallengeDoes רבי מאיר really ignore the rule of דיו?
6. ProofThe proof that דיו comes from the Torah: מרים
7. Resolutionרבי מאיר is learning from a פסוק, not a קל וחומר
8. ProofThe פסוק that pairs animal and bird, and the question it raises
9. ResponseWhat makes a bird fit to eat also removes its טומאה
10. QuestionWhat is רבי יהודה's source?
11. Responseרבי יהודה learns from the extra word טְרֵפָה
12. Challengeרב שיזבי: the same reading of the fat פסוק leads to an impossible result
13. ProofA source shows a slaughtered טְרֵפָה animal is not טמא
14. ResolutionThe word טְרֵפָה in the fat פסוק leaves out a non-kosher animal
15. ChallengeThen the bird פסוק should also just leave out a non-kosher bird
16. Resolutionרבי יהודה learns the non-kosher bird from the word נְבֵלָה
17. ProofA ברייתא shows רבי יהודה learns the non-kosher bird from the word נְבֵלָה