Gemara Clarity

Zevachim 81b

זבחים פ״א ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 81b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 81b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Mixtures of blood from different קרבנות: whether the עולה's place serves for שירים, and a new משנה on mixing inner and outer blood

Overview

The גמרא quotes a ברייתא that explains why the תורה says 'דם' twice. The repetition teaches that עולה blood mixed with blood of any other קרבן is still placed on the מזבח, even the blood of a בכור, מעשר or פסח. The גמרא tries to prove from this that the place for עולה blood also works for leftover blood (שירים), but it pushes the proof aside. It then explains that תנאים disagree about which פסוק teaches that the blood of קרבנות does not cancel each other out. Next, the גמרא tries a second proof from a ברייתא about mixed blood placed above the red line. Scholars from ארץ ישראל read that ברייתא differently, and the גמרא debates whether it can be used here at all. A new משנה then rules that blood meant for inside the היכל that got mixed with blood meant for outside is poured out, and records a מחלוקת about the case where it was placed inside first. The גמרא explains that רבי אליעזר does not argue here, because inside blood must come before outside blood.

Opening lines

תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר ״דָּם״ ״דָּם״?

Why does the verse say "blood," "blood"?

שֶׁיָּכוֹל אֵין לִי אֶלָּא

For one might have thought: I only have

אֵלּוּ שֶׁנִּתְעָרְבוּ בִּתְמוּרָתָהּ,

these, where it got mixed with its substitute,

שֶׁאַף מֵחַיִּים תִּקְרַב;

since even when alive it would be offered;

The steps (22)

  1. QuestionWhy does the verse say 'blood' twice?
  2. QuestionIncluding תודה and שלמים, then asking about אשם
  3. Responseאשם is included too; the second 'blood' covers בכור, מעשר and פסח
  4. ProofProof that the עולה's place also works for leftover blood
  5. RejectionNo, the ברייתא means the first blood of an עולה
  6. ChallengeThen what new thing is the ברייתא teaching?
  7. Resolutionתנאים disagree about the source
  8. StatementWhy these תנאים skip the other two פסוקים
  9. QuestionWhy don't the others learn it from 'קדש הם'?
  10. Response'קדש הם' teaches about substitutes
  11. ResponseThe other תנא learns the substitute law from a different פסוק
  12. ProofQuoting a ברייתא about mixed blood put above the line
  13. ProofDrawing the proof from the ברייתא
  14. RejectionIn ארץ ישראל they explain the ברייתא differently
  15. Challengeאביי asks why not use plain outer שירים
  16. ResolutionThe case teaches that missing שירים do not hold things back
  17. Challengeרבא תוספאה: that ברייתא was already explained differently
  18. Resolutionרבינא: that explanation followed a rejected approach
  19. Statementמשנה: inner blood mixed with outer blood
  20. Statementמשנה: put inside first, then outside
  21. ChallengeWhy doesn't רבי אליעזר argue about the mixture too?
  22. ResolutionThere is no proper order for the כהן to follow, so רבי אליעזר stays silent