Zevachim 82a

זבחים פ״ב ע״א

Learn Zevachim 82a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Blood brought into the היכל: רבי עקיבא's source, the two-cups משנה, and the debate over קל וחומר versus the פסוק

Overview

The amud opens by explaining why the משנה did not suggest placing mixed blood inside first and then outside. That fix would not work for every קרבן, because a חטאת (and, for רבי אליעזר, an אשם) becomes פסול once its blood goes inside. The גמרא then looks for the source of רבי עקיבא's rule that the blood of all קדשים becomes פסול if it is brought into the היכל. שמואל explains it with a משל about a student mixing a drink. רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע rejects that reading and says the source is the extra words 'כל' and 'וכל' in front of 'חטאת'. A ברייתא shows רבי יוסי הגלילי using those same words only for other kinds of חטאת, and the גמרא explains that he was only arguing according to רבי עקיבא's approach. A new משנה then covers blood split into two cups, the question of when blood brought inside becomes פסול, and the limits of the ציץ. The גמרא brings the ברייתא where רבי יוסי הגלילי and the חכמים trade קל וחומר arguments and answers from the פסוק 'אשר יובא מדמה'. It ends by starting to explain, from 'ביום השלישי', why intent to bring blood inside does not disqualify, and that explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. ChallengeWhy not place the blood inside first, then outside?
2. ResolutionIt would not work for every offering
3. Statementשמואל's parable of the student mixing a drink
4. StatementApplying the parable: the word חטאת includes all offerings
5. Challengeרב הונא: the extra word should limit the rule instead
6. RejectionA different parable that points the other way
7. Resolutionרבי עקיבא's real source: the extra words 'and any'
8. ProofThe ברייתא: רבי עקיבא includes all קדשים
9. Statementרבי יוסי הגלילי: the פסוק covers only חטאת
10. ChallengeIsn't that backwards?
11. ResolutionFixing the order: female first, then male
12. Challengeרבי יוסי הגלילי seems to read the verse differently elsewhere
13. QuestionThe Sages ask for the source for a regular sin offering brought inside
14. ResponseHe learns it from 'Behold, its blood was not brought'
15. ResolutionHe was speaking according to רבי עקיבא's view
16. StatementBlood split into two cups: one goes out, or one goes in
17. Proofרבי יוסי הגלילי's קל וחומר for his view
18. StatementWhen does blood brought into the היכל become פסול?
19. StatementThe ציץ fixes only טומאה, not blood that left
20. Proofרבי יוסי הגלילי's logical argument that inside blood does not ruin the outside cup
21. RejectionThe חכמים answer from the פסוק: even part of the blood
22. Challengeרבי יוסי הגלילי turns the logic around against the חכמים
23. ResolutionThe חכמים answer: only blood that enters ruins
24. ChallengeShould intent to bring blood inside also disqualify?
25. RejectionThe פסוק 'ביום השלישי' blocks the קל וחומר