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Zevachim 83a

זבחים פ״ג ע״א

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Topic

Blood brought inside the היכל (רבא's תיקו, and the רבי אליעזר / רבי שמעון / רבי יהודה dispute), then the new פרק on what the מזבח keeps once it goes up.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a question of רבא. On יום כיפור, a כהן גדול took the blood out to the golden מזבח and then brought it back toward the פרוכת. Is that a forbidden 'bringing in'? The answer is תיקו. The גמרא then turns to the משנה's case of blood brought inside 'to atone' but never sprinkled. רבי אליעזר learns from a גזירה שוה that such blood is פסול, while רבי שמעון learns from a different פסוק that it is פסול only after sprinkling. The גמרא explains that they argue over which comparison fits better: 'outside from outside' or 'animal from animal'. Using a ברייתא about burned חטאות, רבי ירמיה shows that רבי יהודה keeps the word 'לכפר' for רבי שמעון's גזירה שוה, so he agrees with רבי שמעון. The פרק then ends, and a new פרק opens with the rule that the מזבח keeps only what is fit for it. רבי יהושע, רבן גמליאל and רבי שמעון disagree about what counts as fit, especially blood and נסכים.

Opening lines

וְהוֹצִיאוֹ לַמִּזְבֵּחַ

And he took it out to the altar

וְהִכְנִיסָן, מַהוּ?

and then brought them back in, what is the law?

הָכָא וַדַּאי חַד מָקוֹם הוּא,

Here, it is certainly one place,

אוֹ [דִילְמָא] יְצִיאָה קָרֵינָא בֵּיהּ?

or perhaps we call it 'going out'?

The steps (21)

  1. Questionרבא's case: back out to the altar, then back in
  2. QuestionThe two sides of רבא's question
  3. ConclusionThe question is left unresolved
  4. Statementרבי אליעזר links two verses that say 'to atone in the Sanctuary'
  5. ProofLike יום כיפור: 'to atone' means before atoning
  6. Proofרבי שמעון learns 'to atone' from the burned פר and שעיר
  7. QuestionWhat is the root of their argument?
  8. ResponseWhich comparison is the better match
  9. Questionרבי יהודה: on purpose is פסול, but when exactly?
  10. Proofרבי ירמיה opens a proof from a ברייתא
  11. ChallengeThe word 'and the one who burns' is needed for its own plain meaning
  12. ResolutionFixing the ברייתא's question: why say 'חטאת' twice?
  13. Responseרבי יהודה: the double 'חטאת' includes all burned חטאות
  14. Statementרבי מאיר learns the same law from the word 'לכפר'
  15. ConclusionWhy רבי יהודה does not use the word 'to atone'
  16. ConclusionHadran — Closing כל הזבחים שנתערבו
  17. StatementThe altar makes holy only what is fit for it
  18. Statementרבי יהושע: anything fit for the fire stays up
  19. Statementרבן גמליאל: Anything fit for the altar stays up
  20. StatementThe only difference: blood and libations
  21. Statementרבי שמעון: The offering stays, the libations come down