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Zevachim 84b

זבחים פ״ד ע״ב

Learn Zevachim 84b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 84b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which disqualified items are not taken down once they have gone up on the מזבח: the end of רבי שמעון's derivation, and רבי יהודה's separate source for לן and יוצא

Overview

Our משנה lists disqualified items that are not taken down once they have gone up on the מזבח, such as something left overnight (לן) or something that left its area (יוצא). The גמרא first finishes רבי שמעון's derivation. The פסוק both includes and excludes, so he includes items whose disqualification happened within the holy service and excludes the rest. Next the גמרא brings a ברייתא for רבי יהודה, who does not use that test. It explains each item by comparison: לן from אימורין and meat, יוצא from a במה, טמא and פסולין from communal offerings, חוץ לזמנו from פיגול, and חוץ למקומו by a היקש to חוץ לזמנו. The גמרא challenges this, because you cannot learn a disqualified case from a fully kosher one. It answers that the real source is the פסוק 'זאת תורת העולה', which includes many cases, and that the comparisons are only supports. Finally רבי יוחנן rules that one who slaughters a קרבן at night inside the עזרה and offers it up outside is חייב. His reasoning continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הַכָּתוּב וּמִיעֵט,

and the verse excluded,

מְרַבֶּה אֲנִי אֶת אֵלּוּ

I include those

שֶׁהָיָה פְּסוּלָן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ,

whose disqualification was in holiness,

וּמוֹצִיא אֲנִי אֶת אֵלּוּ

and I exclude those

The steps (10)

  1. Statementרבי שמעון's rule: include disqualifications that happened in holiness
  2. Proofרבי יהודה's source for blood left overnight
  3. ProofSource for an item that left its area
  4. ProofAn impure offering stays because impurity is allowed for communal offerings
  5. ProofA פיגול offering stays because it still works enough to become פיגול
  6. ProofOutside its place is compared to beyond its time
  7. ProofBlood handled by unfit people stays because impure priests may serve communal offerings
  8. ChallengeCan a disqualified case be learned from a kosher case?
  9. ResolutionThe real source is the inclusive פסוק 'זאת תורת העולה'
  10. StatementSlaughtered at night inside, offered up outside: he is liable