Zevachim 9a

זבחים ט׳ ע״א

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Topic

Why a פסח slaughtered for another purpose becomes a שלמים, and the פסוקים that teach it

Overview

This amud asks why a פסח slaughtered for the wrong purpose turns into a שלמים specifically. One answer is that an offering any Jew may eat can only switch to another offering any Jew may eat. A second answer, from רבי יוסי ברבי אבין, is that a קדשים קלים offering can only switch to another קדשים קלים offering. The גמרא then asks why the פסח could not become a מעשר, a בכור, a תמורה, or a תודה instead. פסוקים limit מעשר, בכור and תמורה to the real thing. A תודה's bread is ruled out because a leftover תודה itself brings no bread. Next the גמרא tests the פסוק 'if his offering is from the flock' as the source that a leftover פסח becomes a שלמים, and defends it against several challenges. Finally it notes that three different פסוקים seem to teach this same rule, and it begins to explain why all three are needed. That explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. ResponseAn eaten offering switches only to another eaten offering
2. ChallengeBut a חטאת and an אשם are eaten too
3. ResolutionOfferings eaten by everyone switch only to offerings eaten by everyone
4. ResolutionA different answer based on levels of holiness
5. ChallengeWhy not let the פסח become a מעשר?
6. ResolutionOnly the real tenth animal is a מעשר
7. ChallengeWhy not let the פסח become a בכור?
8. ResolutionA בכור is learned from מעשר through a shared word
9. ChallengeWhy not let the פסח become a substitute offering?
10. ResolutionOnly a real substitute is a תמורה
11. ChallengeWhy not let the פסח become a thanks offering?
12. ResolutionA leftover פסח cannot need more than a real פסח
13. ChallengeBut a leftover פסח does need libations
14. ResolutionThe real comparison is a leftover תודה
15. ChallengeMaybe the פסוק is about a leftover אשם
16. Resolution'From the flock' means any kind of flock
17. Challengeרבי אבין: the word 'from' usually leaves things out
18. Resolutionרבי מני: here too 'from' leaves things out
19. Challengeרב חנא: 'if a lamb, if a goat' shows it is not about a פסח
20. ResolutionThe word 'lamb' is needed for the tail of the פסח
21. Statement'If a lamb' gives a leftover פסח all the rules of שלמים
22. Statement'If a goat' starts a new topic: no tail for a goat
23. ChallengeIsn't this already learned from אבוה דשמואל?
24. ChallengeEven אבוה דשמואל's source seems unneeded, because of רב נחמן
25. ResolutionAnswer begins: three פסוקים are written